To put it straight, the way reputation works now makes all progress feel slow and almost unachievable. However year one reputation gain felt too generous at times. I have an idea for a system that I think would make reputation gain a lot more fun and rewarding for people really wanting to climb the faction ladder.
Bounties:
The bounty rewards for rep are alright as is. 50 and 65 isn't bad for most of them. I feel like there should be one daily Vanguard and Crucible bounty worth 100 reputation, but of course make it a bounty worth doing and challenge us a little.
Patrol Missions:
In year one these felt like a decent way to get things done for your faction. Now though, they feel like a drop in the ocean when trying to progress in your faction. A solution to this would simply be to raise the amount of rep given to a minimum of 10-13 and a maximum to 20-25. Another thing that could be added is when you pick up a mission for your active faction, you gain a bonus amount for a reward. These would be random as they are now so I don't think someone could farm these, as most only take a few minutes to complete so why bother trying to exploit it. The bonus amount could vary from 30-50 depending on what mission it is. VIP and Scans should be the most rewarding in my opinion. Next to that Kill everything and Scavenger missions, with the rest put in a place the developers feel appropriate.
Weekly Strikes:
The three weekly strikes we do for legendary marks should definitely have bonus reputation gains. They would feel a little more important and special if not only did we get our marks to spend at these factions, but also a nice little bonus rep for the factions too.
Nightfall:
Is it just me or do nightfall rewards just don't seem any better? Not only is the loot sub par, but we don't gain 500 rep from them either. This felt great to do in year one. Seeing that massive increase to your faction felt like you were that much closer to leveling up. Personally I see this as: Hard activity = Hella rewards
Level Ups:
Let's say every 5 or 10 levels your gain in your faction, you get a special package from the leader of your faction. This package would contain the normal stuff that we get now but also something similar to the commendations we had but not needed to buy gear. Just a coupon if you will for some bonus reputation. You could either exchange it right then and there for 250 rep or you could use it in the field for a 2.5 multiplier for all rep gains in the next 12 hours. You wouldn't be gaining these all the time because of the 5 or 10 level gap so when you get them they would feel absolutely rare and special.
These are just some thoughts I had. I'm sure some people will read this and not even care about factions or rep gains at all. But because our guardian levels are capped, I find much joy in leveling up my factions.